Figure 1

Comparison of activation levels in CD4 ⁺ subsets between HIV ⁺ and HIV- donors. PBMC samples from 19 HIV⁺ and 10 HIV^- donors were characterized by flow cytometry. The CD3⁺CD4⁺CD45RA⁺ and CD3⁺CD4⁺CD45RA^- populations were assessed for expression of both CD38 and HLA-DR. Activation levels of the CD4⁺ subsets from HIV⁺ donors (open symbols), and HIV^- donors (filled symbols) are shown. Box and whisker plots (in grey) extend from the 5^th to the 95^th percentile, and the black line depicts the mean. Unpaired 2-tailed t-tests were conducted to compare activation levels between HIV⁺ and HIV^- populations, and Mann–Whitney tests used to compare levels within HIV⁺ or HIV^- populations.