Table 1 List of the clinical signs of the human rabies cases in Bali, November 2008-2010
From: Epidemiological and clinical features of human rabies cases in Bali 2008-2010
Clinical Sign* | Number of Patient show the sign/total number of valid data | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
Prodromal symptoms | ||
Pain/Paraesthesia at bite site | 38/101 | 37.6% |
Nausea and Vomiting | 31/101 | 30.7% |
Fever | 22/101 | 21.8% |
Myalgia | 18/101 | 17.8% |
Insomnia | 7/101 | 6.9% |
Headache | 17/101 | 16.8% |
Clinical sign of central nervous system infection | ||
Agitation | 91/102 | 89.2% |
Confusion | 85/102 | 83.3% |
Urine incontinence | 28/102 | 27.5% |
Flaccid Paralysis | 22/102 | 21.6% |
Seizure | 16/102 | 15.7% |
Hyperexcitability | 14/102 | 13.7% |
Abdominal discomfort | 11/102 | 10.8% |
Fasciculation and Tremor | 4/102 | 3.9% |
Cranial nerve involvement (Ophthalmoplegia, facial weakness and impaired swallowing) | 3/102 | 2.9% |
Autonomic dysfunction | ||
Hydrophobia | 95/102 | 93.1% |
Hypersalivation | 90/102 | 88.2% |
Aerophobia | 76/102 | 74.5% |
Dyspnea | 76/102 | 74.5% |
Photophobia | 31/102 | 30.4% |
Hyperhydrosis | 27/102 | 26.5% |
Piloerection | 5/102 | 4.9% |