Figure 5

TNF-α production by human macrophages infected in vitro with L. braziliensis. Six-day monocyte derived-macrophages from HS (n = 14), SC (n = 12), CL (n = 16), and ML (n = 11) were cultured in the presence of L. braziliensis at a 2:1 ratio. After 48 h, the supernatants were harvested and the levels of TNF-α were determined by ELISA. Each symbol represents a different patient, and each line represents the median of a group. For statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test was used. (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01).