Gender
| | | | |
Male
|
11 (78.6)
|
3 (50.0)
|
14 (78.6)
|
0.643
|
Age, years
| | | |
0.835
|
0-5
|
3 (17.6)
|
1 (16.7)
|
4 (17.4)
| |
5-10
|
5 (29.4)
|
1 (16.7)
|
6 (26.1)
| |
10-15
|
7 (41.2)
|
2 (33.3)
|
9 (39.1)
| |
15-17
|
2 (11.8)
|
2 (33.3)
|
4 (17.4)
| |
Geographic location
| | | | |
Rural area
|
13 (76.5)
|
4 (66.7)
|
17 (73.9)
|
0.632
|
Date of illness onset
| | | |
0.444
|
December-February
|
5(29.4)
|
0(0.0)
|
5 (21.7)
| |
March-May
|
3(17.6)
|
1(16.7)
|
4 (17.4)
| |
June-August
|
7(41.2)
|
3(50.0)
|
10 (43.5)
| |
September-November
|
2(11.8)
|
2(33.3)
|
4 (17.4)
| |
Contact with birds/droppings or saprophytes†
|
12 (70.6)
|
6 (100.0)
|
18 (78.3)
|
0.274
|
Time from illness onset to hospitalization (days)
| | | |
0.093
|
1-10
|
2 (11.8)
|
1 (16.7)
|
3(13.0)
| |
10-20
|
2 (11.8)
|
1 (16.7)
|
3 (13.0)
| |
20-30
|
11 (78.6)
|
1 (16.7)
|
12 (52.2)
| |
≥30
|
2 (11.8)
|
3 (66.7)
|
5 (21.7)
| |
Clinical symptoms and signs
| | | | |
Fever (≥39°C)
|
8 (47.1)
|
5 (83.3)
|
13 (56.5)
|
0.179
|
Headache
|
13 (76.5)
|
5 (83.3)
|
18 (78.3)
|
1.000
|
Nausea
|
9 (52.9)
|
5 (83.3)
|
14 (78.6)
|
0.340
|
Altered mental status
|
10 (58.8)
|
3 (50.0)
|
13 (56.5)
|
1.000
|
Vomiting
|
10 (58.8)
|
2 (33.3)
|
12 (52.2)
|
0.371
|
Seizures
|
6 (35.3)
|
4 (66.7)
|
10 (43.5)
|
0.341
|
Meningeal signs
|
5 (29.4)
|
3 (50.0)
|
8 (34.8)
|
0.621
|
Neck stiffness
|
6 (35.3)
|
1 (16.7)
|
7 (30.4)
|
0.621
|
Hearing damage
|
3 (17.6)
|
1 (16.7)
|
4 (17.4)
|
1.000
|
Visual damage
|
3 (17.6)
|
0 (0.0)
|
3 (13.0)
|
0.539
|
Bregmatic eminence
|
1 (5.9)
|
0 (0.0)
|
1 (4.3)
|
1.000
|
Laboratory findings
| | | | |
Blood leukocytosis (≥15 × 109/L)
|
15 (65.2)
|
5 (83.3)
|
20 (87.0)
|
1.000
|
Decreased CSF glucose (<3.1 mmol/L)
|
16 (94.1)
|
4 (66.7)
|
20 (87.0)
|
0.155
|
Pleocytosis (×106/L)
| | | |
0.483
|
<10
|
4 (23.5)
|
0 (0.0)
|
4 (17.4)
| |
10-100
|
7 (41.2)
|
2 (33.3)
|
9 (39.1)
| |
≥100
|
6 (35.3)
|
4 (66.7)
|
10 (43.5)
| |
Elevated CSF proteins (≥0.45 g/L)
|
10 (58.8)
|
5 (83.3)
|
15 (65.2)
|
0.369
|
Intracranial pressure(>250 mm H2O)
|
14(82.4)
|
3(50.0)
|
17 (73.9)
|
0.279
|