Demographics
|
Male sex
|
19 (73.1)
|
13 (65)
|
0.75
|
Age >60 years
|
6 (23.1)
|
11 (55)
|
0.04
|
Coexisting conditions
|
AIDS
|
2 (8.3)
a
|
4 (22.2)
b
|
0.38
|
Solid tumor malignancy
|
2 (7.7)
|
4 (20)
|
0.38
|
Hematologic malignancy
|
3 (11.5)
|
1 (5)
|
0.62
|
Steroid usage
|
3 (11.5)
|
5 (25)
|
0.27
|
Liver cirrhosis
|
1 (3.8)
|
4 (20)
|
0.37
|
Chronic renal failure
|
2 (7.6)
|
1 (5)
|
1
|
Diabetic mellitus
|
8 (30.8)
|
4 (20)
|
0.51
|
COPD
|
4 (15.4)
|
0
|
0.12
|
Organ transplantation
|
1 (3.8)
|
0
|
1
|
No known predisposing factor
c
|
6 (23.1)
|
2 (10)
|
0.44
|
Previous anti-fungal therapy
d
|
3 (11.5)
|
4 (20)
|
0.68
|
Severity status
|
APACHE-II score
|
8.2 ± 2.4
|
10.4 ± 3.7
|
0.19
|
APACHE-II score ≥ 15
|
5 (19.2)
|
5 (25)
|
0.73
|
Shock
|
1 (3.8)
|
0
|
1
|
IICP
|
23 (88.5)
|
18 (90)
|
1
|
ICU admission
|
14 (53.8)
|
8 (40)
|
0.39
|
Initial laboratory data
|
India ink smear positive
|
12 (46.2)
|
11 (55)
|
0.77
|
CSF opening pressure (mmH
2
0)
|
248 ± 132
|
252 ± 136
|
0.58
|
CSF WBC count (/μL)
|
32.2 ± 40.6
|
28.8 ± 38.6
|
0.28
|
CSF CAT ≥ 1:1024
|
13 (50)
|
14 (70)
|
0.23
|
Serum CAT ≥ 1:1024
|
9 (34.6)
|
9 (45)
|
0.55
|
Concurrent cryptococcemia
|
6 (23.1)
|
6 (30)
|
0.74
|
Serotype B Cryptococcus neoformans isolate
|
4 (15.4)
|
1 (5)
|
0.37
|
Isolate resistant to fluconazole (MIC >8 μg/ml)
|
4 (15.4)
|
8 (40)
|
0.09
|
Isolate resistant to amphotericin B (MIC >1 μg/ml)
|
3 (11.5)
|
5 (25)
|
0.27
|
Treatment modality in induction therapy
|
Amphotericin B plus flucytosine
|
0
|
1 (5)
|
0.44
|
Amphotericin B plus fluconazole
|
10 (38.5)
|
13 (65)
|
0.14
|
Amphotericin B alone
|
12 (46.2)
|
5 (25)
|
0.22
|
Fluconazole alone
|
4 (15.4)
|
1 (5)
|
0.37
|