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Table 4 Antimicrobial agents used in patients with HAP and VAP

From: Inadequate treatment of ventilator-associated and hospital-acquired pneumonia: Risk factors and impact on outcomes

Empiric antibiotic

 

HAP (n = 218)

  

VAP (n = 130)

 
 

Adequate (n = 128)

Inadequate (n = 90)

p

Adequate (n = 44)

Inadequate (n = 86)

p

Carbapenems

31 (24.2)

16 (17.8)

0.004

20 (45.5)

18 (20.9)

<0.001

Third generation cefalosporine

31 (24.2)

27 (30.0)

 

4 (9.1)

20 (23.3)

 

β-lactam + β- lactamase inhibitor

35 (27.3)

21 (23.3)

 

14 (31.8)

26 (30.2)

 

Quinolone

21 (16.4)

16 (17.8)

 

0

10 (11.6)

 

β-lactam in combination with quinolone

1 (0.8)

9 (10.0)

 

0

9 (10.5)

 

Aminoglycoside in combination with carbapenem or β-lactam

9 (7.0)

1 (1.1)

 

6 (13.6)

3 (3.5)