Table 1 Characteristics of 218 patients with HAP with regard to the adequacy of empirical antibiotic treatment
Characteristics | Adequate treatment n = 128 | Inadequate treatment n = 90 | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 61.84 ± 14.66 | 64.44 ± 13.49 | 0.189 |
Sex (male) | 84 (65.6) | 58 (64.4) | 0.857 |
Surgical unit | 24 (68.6) | 11 (31.4) | 0.269 |
Underlying diseases | |||
Diabetes mellitus | 26 (20.3) | 14 (15.6) | 0.474 |
COPD | 32 (25.0) | 19 (21.1) | 0.613 |
Chronic renal failure | 14 (10.9) | 10 (11.1) | 1.000 |
Congestive heart failure | 15 (11.7) | 16 (17.8) | 0.287 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 7 (5.5) | 10 (11.1) | 0.203 |
Malignancy | 24 (18.8) | 22 (24.4) | 0.398 |
Central venous catheterization | 37 (28.9) | 35 (38.9) | 0.123 |
Urinary catheterization | 88 (68.8) | 66 (73.3) | 0.464 |
Late-onset pneumonia | 78 (60.9) | 72 (80.0) | 0.003 |
Acquisition of other site infection | 21 (16.4) | 20 (22.2) | 0.365 |
Previous antibiotic usage | 42 (32.8) | 34 (37.8) | 0.449 |
Culture proven pneumonia | 43 (33.6) | 51 (56.7) | 0.001 |
MDR bacteria | 29 (22.7) | 38 (42.2) | 0.002 |
Polymicrobial etiology | 1 (0.8) | 8 (8.9) | 0.004 |
Length of stay before HAP | 7.09 ± 5.07 | 8.52 ± 5.26 | 0.003 |
APACHE II score | 12.68 ± 5.79 | 14.63 ± 6.59 | 0.024 |