Table 1 Clinical characteristics of Haemophilus bacteremia according to definitive antibiotic therapy ^a

Combination therapy with gentamicin or ciprofloxacin

34.6% (9/26)

22.0% (11/50)

25.0% (3/12)

43.8% (7/16)

Gender (female)

46.2% (12/26)

40.0% (20/50)

58.3% (7/12)

37.5% (6/16)

Age

73 (58–84) (n = 26)

69 (52–76) (n = 50)

62 (26–82) (n = 12)

68 (56–79) (n = 16)

Charlson index

Low (0)

57.7% (15/26)

36.0% (18/50)

58.3% (7/12)

25.0% (4/16)

Medium (1–2)

30.8% (8/26)

48.0% (24/50)

25.0% (3/12)

56.2% (9/16)

High (>2)

11.5% (3/26)

16.0% (8/50)

16.7% (2/12)

18.8% (3/16)

Smoking

45.8% (11/24)

49.0% (24/49)

45.5% (5/11)

43.8% (7/16)

Alcohol abuse

26.1% (6/23)

21.7% (10/46)

9.1% (1/11)

25.0% (4/16)

Immunosuppression

3.8% (1/26) ^{d f}

30.0% (15/50)

16.7% (2/12)

31.2% (5/16)

Haemophilus species

Non-typeable

69.2% (18/26)

76.0% (38/50)

75.0% (9/12)

62.5% (10/16)

Typeable

15.4% (4/26)

14.0% (7/50)

16.7% (2/12)

25.0% (4/16)

Other types

15.4% (4/26)

14.0% (7/50)

8.3% (1/12)

12.5% (2/16)

Polymicrobial bacteremia

19.2% (5/26) ^d

4.0% (2/50)

0% (0/12)

6.2% (1/16)

Acquisition of bacteremia

Community-acquired

65.4% (17/26)

56.0% (28/50) ^g

91.7% (11/12) ⁱ

31.2% (5/16)

Healthcare-related

23.1% (6/26)

34.0% (17/50)

8.3% (1/12)

43.8% (7/16)

Hospital-acquired

11.5% (3/26)

10.0% (5/50)

0% (0/12)

25.0% (4/16)

Focus of infection

Lung

38.5% (10/26)

52.0% (26/50)

58.3% (7/12)

43.8% (7/16)

Upper respiratory tract

3.8% (1/26)

6.0% (3/50)

16.7% (2/12)

0.0% (0/16)

Meningitis

0% (0/26) ^f

0% (0/50) ^h

0% (0/12)

25.0% (4/16)

Endocarditis

3.8% (1/26)

2.0% (1/50)

0% (0/12)

6.2% (1/16)

Hepato-billiary

11.5% (3/26)

8.0% (4/50)

0% (0/12)

6.2% (1/16)

Miscellaneous

11.5% (3/26)

12.0% (6/50)

16.7% (2/12)

0.0% (0/16)

Unknown

30.8% (8/26)

20.0% (10/50)

8.3% (1/12)

18.8% (3/16)

Hospital specialty

Medical department

69.2% (18/26)

70.0% (35/50)

41.7% (5/12)

75.0% (12/16)

Surgical department

26.9% (7/26)

16.0% (8/50)

8.3% (1/12)

12.5% (2/16)

Intensive care unit

0.0% (0/26)

4.0% (2/50)

16.7% (2/12)

12.5% (2/16)

Other departments ^b

3.8% (1/26)

10.0% (5/50)

33.3% (4/12)

0.0% (0/16)

Altered mental state

26.9% (7/26)

24.0% (12/50)

25.0% (3/12)

53.3% (8/15)

Temp. <38 °C

30.8% (8/26)

26.0% (13/50)

9.1% (1/11)

14.3% (2/14)

Mean blood pressure (mmHg)

90 (82–102) (n = 25)

91 (84–100) (n = 48)

92 (71–109) (n = 10)

94 (73–103) (n = 15)

Heart rate

100 (79–108) (n = 25)

95 (80–108) (n = 47)

105 (89–136) (n = 10)

94 (84–106) (n =15)

B-hgb (mmol/L)

6.8 (6.4-8.3) (n = 23)

7.3 (6.3-8.3) (n = 43)

7.9 (6.9-8.7) (n = 9)

7.7 (6.0-9.0) (n = 14)

B-WBC (10⁹ cells/L)

13.3 (10.5-16.6) (n = 23)

15.5 (9.7-20.5) (n = 49)

10.6 (7.5-17.7) (n = 10)

8.2 (2.1-18.8) (n = 15)

P-creatinine (μmol/L)

79 (58–137) (n =19)

90 (62–133) (n = 43)

69 (56–99) (n = 9)

105 (71–240) (n = 14)

Abnormal liver parameters ^c

72.2% (13/18)

54.1% (20/37)

40.0% (2/5)

40.0% (4/10)

P-CRP (mg/L)

145 (45–214) (n = 24) ^d

184 (105–262) (n = 48)

186 (55–241) (n = 10)

173 (119–271) (n = 14)

Transfer to ICU

11.5% (3/26)

12.2% (6/49) ^h

25.0% (3/12)

37.5% (6/16)

Septic shock

11.5% (3/26)

0% (0/48) ^h

8.3% (1/12)

26.7% (4/15)

Mechanical ventilation

7.7% (2/26) ^f

8.2% (4/49) ^h

8.3% (1/12)

37.5% (6/16)

Hemodialysis

3.8% (1/26)

2.1% (1/48) ^h

0% (0/12)

18.8% (3/16)

Death

38.5% (10/26) ^{d e}

12.0% (6/50) ^h

0% (0/12) ⁱ

37.5% (6/16)