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Table 2 Varicella-related complication rates in Primary Care

From: Epidemiological characteristics and societal burden of varicella zoster virus in the Netherlands

 

Complication rates all ages

Complication rates (%) per age group

 

Corrected rates (%)

(n = 5,273)

(n)

(%)

(95% CI)

0-4

5-9

10-19

>20

All ages

(95% CI)

<10

(95% CI)

Upper respiratory tract. ENT complications

Conjunctivitis

162

3.07

(2.64-3.57)

3.5

1.9

0.6

2.9

2.08*

(1.58-2.57)

1.98*

(1.38-2.58)

Otitis media

619

11.74

(10.90-12.64)

13.7

8.7

3.6

4.6

7.49*

(6.56-8.42)

7.48*

(6.32-8.64)

Upper respiratory tract infection

942

17.86

(16.85-18.92)

21.0

10.3

3.0

13.5

13.03*

(11.93-14.12)

12.82*

(11.50-14.15)

Lymphadenitis

32

0.61

(0.43-0.86)

0.6

0.9

0.0

0.2

0.51*

(0.29-0.72)

0.57*

(0.32-0.82)

Tonsillitis

219

4.15

(3.65-4.73)

4.4

4.2

3.0

2.2

2.84*

(2.27-3.41)

2.26*

(1.53-2.99)

Pharyngitis

46

0.87

(0.65-1.16)

0.8

0.8

1.2

1.9

0.32*

(0.04-0.60)

0.32

(0.00-0.64)

Sum of complications

2.020

38.31

(37.01-39.63)

44

26.8

11.4

25.3

26.27

 

25.43

 

Total number of patientsa

1.516

28.75

(27.54-29.99)

        

Lower respiratory tract complications

Pneunomia

41

0.78

(0.57-1.05)

0.6

1.1

0.6

1.9

0.63*

(0.39-0.88)

0.49*

(0.23-0.76)

Bronchitis

163

3.09

(2.66-3.59)

3.7

1.8

1.2

1.4

2.26*

(1.77-2.75)

2.41*

(1.83-3.00)

Sum of complications

204

3.87

(3.38-4.42)

4.3

2.9

1.8

3.3

2.89

 

2.90

 

Total number of patientsa

199

3.77

(3.29-4.32)

        

Skin infectious/cutaneous complications

Pyoderma

7

0.13

(0.06-0.27)

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.5

0.05

(−0.06-0.16)

0.11*

(0.01-0.20)

Abscess

19

0.36

(0.23-0.56)

0.3

0.4

0.6

0.7

0.04

(−0.15-0.23)

0.20*

(0.01-0.39)

Skin infection

37

0.70

(0.51-0.97)

0.7

0.8

0.6

0.7

0.52*

(0.28-0.76)

0.63*

(0.38-0.88)

Scar Tissue

53

1.01

(0.77-1.31)

0.8

0.9

2.4

2.6

0.21

(−0.10-0.51)

0.39*

(0.07-0.71)

Impetigo

196

3.72

(3.24-4.26)

4.1

3.4

2.4

1.4

3.04*

(2.51-3.57)

2.49*

(1.82-3.15)

Sum of complications

312

5.92

(5.31-6.59)

6.0

5.5

6.0

5.9

3.86

 

3.82

 

Total number of patientsa

297

5.63

(5.04-6.29)

        

Neurologic complications

Neuralgia

2

0.04

(0.01-0.14)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.5

0.02

(−0.03-0.08)

0.00

 

Meningitis

3

0.06

(0.02-0.17)

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.2

0.05

(−0.02-0.12)

0.04

(−0.02-0.10)

Encephalitis

1

0.02

(0.00-0.11)

0.0

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

Convulsion

37

0.70

(0.51-0.97)

0.9

0.3

0.0

0.0

0.69*

(0.46-0.91)

0.77*

(0.51-1.02)

Ataxia (Cerebellitis)

1

0.02

(0.00-0.11)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

Movement and stability dysfunction

1

0.02

(0.00-0.11)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.2

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

0.00

(0.00-0.00)

Facial Palsy

2

0.04

(0.01-0.14)

0.03

0.0

0.0

0.2

0.04

(−0.01-0.09)

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

Coma

1

0.02

(0.00-0.11)

0.0

0.0

0.6

0.0

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

0.00

(0.00-0.00)

Sum of complications

48

0.91

(0.69-1.20)

1.0

0.4

0.6

1.1

0.88

 

0.87

 

Total number of patientsa

48

0.91

(0.69-1.20)

        

Gastrointestinal tract complications

Stomatitis

16

0.30

(0.19-0.49)

0.4

0.2

0.0

0.2

0.27*

(0.12-0.43)

0.27*

(0.10-0.45)

Gastroenteritis

125

2.37

(1.99-2.82)

2.8

1.5

0.0

1.7

1.46*

(1.84-2.67)

1.60*

(1.07-2.13)

Sum of complications

141

2.67

(2.27-3.15)

3.2

1.7

0

1.9

1.73

 

1.87

 

Total number of patientsa

139

2.64

(2.24-3.10)

        

Complications due to (systemic) bacterial infections

Sepsis

4

0.08

(0.03-0.19)

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.07

(−0.01-0.14)

0.09

(0.00-0.17)

Osteomyelitis

1

0.02

(0.00-0.11)

0.03

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

Pyogen arthritis

3

0.06

(0.02-0.17)

0.03

0.0

0.0

0.5

0.06

(−0.01-0.12)

0.02

(−0.02-0.06)

Sum of complications

8

0.15

(0.08-0.30)

0.2

0.1

0.0

0.5

0.15

 

0.13

 

Total number of patientsa

8

0.15

(0.08-0.30)

        

Symptoms

Mouth blisters

55

1.04

(0.80-1.36)

0.9

1.1

1.8

1.4

0.98*

(0.70-1.26)

0.86*

(0.56-1.16)

Coughing

757

14.36

(13.44-15.33)

17.0

8.7

1.8

9.4

10.50*

(9.50-11.50)

10.83*

(9.63-12.03)

Snivelling

237

4.49

(3.97-5.09)

6.1

0.7

0.6

0.5

4.18*

(3.62-4.75)

4.45*

(3.79-5.11)

Fever

2.550

48.36

(47.01-49.71)

51.5

40.2

37.0

44.0

39.91*

(38.48-41.34)

37.96*

(36.25-39.68)

Fatigue

401

7.60

(6.92-8.35)

9.3

3.9

3.0

3.4

6.02*

(5.27-6.76)

7.02*

(6.17-7.86)

Emesis/Vomiting

417

7.91

(7.21-8.67)

9.1

5.1

6.1

4.3

6.47*

(5.72-7.23)

6.34*

(5.45-7.24)

Problems Eating/drinking

664

12.59

(11.72-13.52)

15.2

7.1

6.1

4.8

10.73*

(9.81-11.65)

11.75*

(10.70-12.81)

Pruritis/Itching

1.845

34.99

(33.71-36.29)

32.1

40.0

44.2

45.2

27.82*

(26.46-29.17)

28.11*

(26.59-29.63)

Skin rash/Exanthema

439

8.33

(7.61-9.10)

8.2

6.8

12.7

11.3

7.46*

(6.69-8.22)

7.02*

(6.19-7.84)

Dehydration/Diarreah

433

8.21

(7.50-8.98)

10.0

4.5

3.0

2.9

6.72*

(5.95-7.49)

7.04*

(6.13-7.94)

  1. aThe total number of patients may be less than the total sum of complications because some patients had more than one complication in this group.
  2. * = p < 0.05.