Table 1 Characteristics at study enrollment and ART initiation of HIV-infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy
| Â | Total (n = 193) | Children receiving ART at study enrollment (n = 67) | Children starting ART during study period (n = 126) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Study enrollment | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Median age in years (IQR) | 3.01 (1.62, 6.89) | 4.25 (2.46, 8.61) | 2.53 (1.27, 6.34) | 0.0005 |
   <1 yr | 24 (12.4) | 2 (3.0) | 22 (17.5) |  |
   1-1.9 yrs | 38 (19.7) | 8 (11.9) | 30 (23.8) |  |
   2-4.9 yrs | 66 (34.2) | 29 (43.3) | 37 (29.4) |  |
   5+ yrs | 65 (33.7) | 28 (41.8) | 37 (29.4) | 0.002 |
Male sex | 99 (51.3) | 43 (64.2) | 56 (44.4) | 0.009 |
Mother received PMTCT (%) | 5 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (4.0) | 0.24 |
Vital status of parents (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Both alive | 135 (71.1) | 39 (60.9) | 96 (76.2) |  |
   Mother died | 19 (10.0) | 7 (10.9) | 12 (9.5) |  |
   Father died | 18 (9.5) | 8 (12.5) | 10 (7.9) |  |
   Both died | 18 (9.5) | 10 (15.6) | 8 (6.4) | 0.10 |
Primary caregiver (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Mother/father | 148 (77.5) | 48 (73.9) | 100 (79.4) |  |
   Grandparent | 26 (13.6) | 11 (16.9) | 15 (11.9) |  |
   Aunt/uncle | 12 (6.3) | 5 (7.7) | 7 (5.6) |  |
   Other | 5 (2.6) | 1 (1.5) | 4 (3.2) | 0.55 |
Education of primary caregiver (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   None | 11 (6.3) | 3 (5.3) | 8 (6.8) |  |
   Primary | 100 (57.1) | 31 (54.4) | 69 (58.5) |  |
   Secondary | 62 (35.4) | 23 (40.4) | 39 (33.1) |  |
   Higher | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.7) | 0.62 |
ART initiation | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Median age in years (IQR) | 2.93 (1.66, 6.84) | 3.07 (1.71, 7.91) | 2.87 (1.60, 6.73) | 0.33 |
   <1 yr | 23 (11.9) | 6 (9.0) | 17 (13.5) |  |
   1-1.9 yrs | 41 (21.2) | 15 (22.4) | 26 (20.6) |  |
   2-4.9 yrs | 64 (33.2) | 21 (31.3) | 43 (34.1) |  |
   5+ yrs | 65 (33.7) | 25 (37.3) | 40 (31.8) | 0.72 |
Median WAZ (IQR)a | -2.30 (-3.46, -1.37) | -2.55 (-3.92, -1.80) | -2.10 (-3.22, -1.26) | 0.02 |
   Underweight | 89 (58.9) | 34 (70.8) | 55 (53.4) | 0.04 |
Median HAZ (IQR) | -3.15 (-4.30, -1.91) | -4.86 (-6.26, -3.15) | -3.02 (-4.20, -1.90) | 0.10 |
   Stunted | 69 (71.9) | 7 (87.5) | 62 (70.5) | 0.30 |
Median CD4% (IQR) | 16.3 (11.5, 20.1) | 13.6 (9.7, 16.6) | 17.4 (12.9, 20.5) | 0.01 |
   Severe immunodeficiency (%)b | 95 (59.8) | 26 (70.3) | 69 (56.6) | 0.14 |