Figure 1

Flow diagram of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome patients based on aetiological classification. 225 children with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) were identified. To analyse AES of different aetiologies only patients where LP results were available were taken forward (n = 185). Patients with non-viral aetiologies were analysed separately (n = 40). The remaining AES patients were classified as JE (n = 42) or AES of unknown viral aetiology (n = 103) based on presence or absence of high anti-JE virus immunoglobulin titres. AES of unknown viral aetiology was further sub-classified into Non-JE (n = 44) and JE Status Unknown (n = 59) based on presence or absence of low or negative anti-JE virus immunoglobulin titres.