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Table 3 Socioeconomic impact of influenza viruses on household contacts of the study children by viral type and subtype.

From: Clinical and socioeconomic impact of different types and subtypes of seasonal influenza viruses in children during influenza seasons 2007/2008 and 2008/2009

 

Viral findings

Data

Households of Influenza A/H1N1-positive children (n = 363)

Households of Influenza A/H3N2-positive children (n = 1,296)

Households ofB-positive children (n = 597)

Disease similar to that of the infected child (%)

70/363 (19.3)*°

417/1,296 (32.2)

159/597 (26.6)*

   Mothers, No. (%)

16/143 (11.2)*°

173/519 (33.3)

58/239 (24.3)*

   Fathers, No. (%)

18/139 (12.9)*

103/519 (19.8)

37/239 (15.5)

   Siblings, No. (%)

36/81 (44.4)*°

141/258 (54.7)

64/119 (53.8)

Additional medical visits (%)

45/363 (12.4)*°

325/1,296 (25.1)

125/597 (20.9)*

   Mothers, No. (%)

12/143 (8.4)*°

134/519 (25.8)

46/239 (19.2)*

   Fathers, No. (%)

6/139 (4.3)*°

55/519 (10.6)

21/239 (8.8)

   Siblings, No. (%)

27/81 (33.3)*°

136/258 (52.8)

58/119 (48.7)

Antibiotic prescriptions (%)

16/363 (4.4)*

131/1,296 (10.1)

42/597 (7.0)

   Mothers, No. (%)

3/143 (2.1)*

38/519 (7.3)

11/239 (4.6)

   Fathers, No. (%)

1/139 (0.7)*

29/519 (5.6)

5/239 (2.1)

   Siblings, No. (%)

12/81 (14.8)*°

64/258 (24.8)

26/119 (21.8)

Lost working days by mothers, mean ± SD

4.33 ± 2.16*

6.01 ± 2.57

3.46 ± 2.51*

Lost working days by fathers, mean ± SD

1.39 ± 1.52*

3.36 ± 2.12

2.03 ± 2.57*

Lost school days by siblings, mean ± SD

3.16 ± 4.01*

4.93 ± 3.91

3.39 ± 3.15*

  1. SD, standard deviation. ^p < 0.05 vs influenza B; °p < 0.05 vs influenza B; *p < 0.05 vs A/H3N2; no other statistically significant differences. Lost parental working days were due to caring for ill children and their personal illness.