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Table 2 Power for analysis of primary exposure-outcome associations

From: Impact of early life exposures to geohelminth infections on the development of vaccine immunity, allergic sensitization, and allergic inflammatory diseases in children living in tropical Ecuador: the ECUAVIDA birth cohort study

Primary exposures (geohelminth infections)

Outcome

Sample size available

Analysis sample size

Exposure prevalence

Expected prevalence of outcomes

(exposed vs. unexposed groups)

Α

Power

Maternal

Vaccine antibodies @ 7 mths

      
 

   Hib

2,300

1,000

50%

65% vs. 75%

0.01

80%

 

   Rotavirus

2,300

1,000

50%

40% vs. 60%

0.01

> 99%

Maternal

Vaccine antibodies @ 2 yrs

      
 

   TT

1,955

1,000

50%

85% vs. 95%

0.01

> 99%

 

   HBV

1,955

1,750

50%

80% vs. 85%

0.05

80%

 

   OPV type 3

1,955

500

50%

80% vs. 95%

0.01

> 99%

Infant

Vaccine antibodies @ 5 yrs

      
 

   TT

1,725

1,000

35%

60% vs. 80%

0.01

99%

 

   HBV

1,725

1,500

35%

70% vs. 80%

0.01

95%

 

   OPV type 3

1,725

1,000

35%

50% vs. 70%

0.01

> 99%

Maternal

SPT @ 3 years

1,840

1,840

50%

15% vs. 25%

0.01

99%

Infant

SPT @ 3 years

1,840

1,840

35%

15% vs. 25%

0.01

> 99%

Maternal

Eczema @ 3 years

1,840

1,840

50%

25% vs. 35%

0.01

99%

Maternal

Asthma @ 5 years

1,725

1,725

50%

17% vs. 23% #

0.05

86%

Infant

Asthma @ 5 years

1,725

1,725

35%

17% vs. 23% #

0.05

83%

Infant

Asthma @ 5 years

1,725

1,207

20%

25% vs. 15% #

0.01

93%

  1. Random samples of the study population will be selected for analysis of the protective levels of vaccine antibodies. Based on data from the cohort we estimate that 20% of children will have allergen skin test reactivity to any allergen at 5 years, that 30% of children will have at least one documented episode of eczema by 3 years of age and that 20% of children will have asthma at 5 years. Based on data from the cohort we estimate that ~50% of mothers are infected with any geohelminth parasite and ~30% of children will have at least one documented geohelminth infection during the first 2 years of life.
  2. #-expected effects of geohelminth infections on asthma prevalence using data from cross-sectional analyses in Ecuador [58] and Brazil [59].