Table 1 Causes of chronic diarrhea in patients with immunodeficiency [18, 19]
Infectious Causes | Bacteria | Escherichia coli |
| Â | Â | Salmonella |
| Â | Â | Shigella |
| Â | Â | Campylobacter jejuni |
| Â | Â | Clostridium difficile |
| Â | Â | Mycoabacterium tuberculosis |
| Â | Â | Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) |
| Â | Parasites | Cryptosporidium |
| Â | Â | Microsporidium |
| Â | Â | Isospora Belli |
| Â | Â | Giardia lamblia |
| Â | Â | Entamoeba histolytica |
| Â | Viral Infections | Cytomegalovirus |
| Â | Â | Herpes virus |
| Â | Â | HIV (AIDS enteropathy) |
| Â | Â | Rotavirus |
| Â | Â | Astrovirus |
| Â | Â | Norovirus |
| Â | Fungus | Candida |
| Â | Other Causes | Invasive bacterial enteritis |
Non-Infectious Causes | Treatment-related | Radiation enteritis--acute/chronic |
| Â | Â | Graft-versus-host disease |
| Â | Â | Chemotherapy--fluoropyrimidines, irinotecan |
| Â | Â | Other medication side-effects |
| Â | Malabsorption | Small bowel bacterial overgrowth |
| Â | Â | Lymphoma |
| Â | Â | Kaposi sarcoma |
| Â | Â | Pancreatic insufficiency--cytomegalovirus, MAC, medications |
| Â | Other Causes | Irritable bowel syndrome |
| Â | Â | Functional disorders |