Severe community-acquired Enterobacterpneumonia: a plea for greater awareness of the concept of health-care-associated pneumonia

Table 3 Antimicrobial therapy, other treatments and outcome of patients with community-acquired pneumonia due to Enterobacter sp. compared to community-acquired-pneumonia due to common bacteria

	EnterobacterCAP (n = 10)	CAP (n = 30)	p value
Prior antimicrobial treatment*, %	70	37	0.08
Prior antimicrobial treatment appropriateness^σ, %	14	46	0.19
Empirical antimicrobial treatment appropriateness^$, %	20	97	< 0.01
Time between hospital admission^£ and definite appropriate antimicrobial treatment (days)	3.3 ± 1.6	1.2 ± 0.6	<0.01
Time between onset of empirical antimicrobial therapy and apyrexia (days)^¤	5.6 ± 2.1	3.8 ± 2.4	0.06
Length of antimicrobial treatment (days)	11.8 ± 5.2	9.6 ± 3.8	0.16
Vasoactive or inotropic drug length of use (days)**	8 ± 3.9	4.8 ± 3.2	0.13
Dialysis, n (%)	3 (30)	3 (10)	0.14
Ventilation^¤¤, n (%)	10 (100)	18 (60)	0.96
Length of ventilation (days)	8.4 ± 5.2	4 ± 4.3	0.01
Length of ICU stay (days)	21 ± 15	11.9 ± 9.2	0.04
Hospital mortality, n (%)	3 (30)	5 (17)	0.37

Data are expressed as mean ± SD unless specified otherwise.
*Antibiotic started <24 h before ICU admission; ^σprior antimicrobial treatment was defined as a treatment initiated in the 2 days preceding hospital admission; ^$empirical antimicrobial treatment was initiated after hospital admission as soon as pneumonia was diagnosed; ^£at admission for CAP; ^¤apyrexia was defined as temperature ≤37°C; **for five and eight patients respectively in EnCAP and CAP; ^¤¤invasive or non-invasive ventilation.
SD: standard deviation; CAP: community-acquired pneumonia; ICU: intensive care unit.

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