From: Spatial distribution and risk factors of Brucellosis in Iberian wild ungulates
Bio-region | Environment | Wildlife | Sampling site characteristics |
---|---|---|---|
1.- Atlantic | Atlantic climate with high precipitation. Pastures and deciduous woodlands. Mountain habitats. Almost no fencing of wildlife habitats. | Wild boar and roe deer abundant. Locally red deer abundant. Chamois at high altitudes (Cantabrian Mts.). | N = 76. Woodlands: 62%; Agricultural lands: 33%. Altitude (in m): mean 452 (range 0-2032). Mean annual precipitations (in mm): 1284. Mean annual temperature (in °C): 12 |
2.- Northern-Plateau | Continental Mediterranean climate. Dry, hot summers, dry, cold winters. Open, cereal landscapes with pine or oak woodlands, limited to the north by mountains. Little fencing. | Ungulates expanding and locally abundant. Chamois limited to high altitudes in the Pyrenees. Locally ibex and fallow deer. | N = 98. Woodlands: 68%; Agricultural lands: 30%. Altitude (in m): mean 987 (range 67-3314). Mean annual precipitations (in mm): 808. Mean annual temperature (in °C): 10.5 |
3.- South-Central | Continental Thermo Mediterranean climate. Pastures and crops with interspersed vegetation, sometimes forming savannah-like structures. Low altitude mountains with scrubland. Frequent fencing. | Wild boar and red deer often at high density; feeding and watering. Locally abundant fallow deer and Iberian ibex, and introduced wild bovids. | N = 72. Woodlands: 68%; Agricultural lands: 29%. Altitude (in m): mean 705 (range 47-2321). Mean annual precipitations (in mm): 605. Mean annual temperature (in °C): 14.5 |
4.-Interior Mountains | Severe Continental Mediterranean climate. Limestone mountain and high-plateau habitats with cereal crops, pastures, and pine and oak woodlands. Little fencing. | Wild boar, roe deer, and ibex widely distributed but usually at moderate abundance. Locally abundant red deer. | N = 22. Woodlands: 71%; Agricultural lands: 29%. Altitude (in m): mean 1178 (range 248-1932). Mean annual precipitations (in mm): 568. Mean annual temperature (in °C): 11.3 |
5.- South and East Coast | Coastal Thermo Mediterranean climate; arid in the central portion. Few well preserved wildlife habitats (mountains). Little fencing. | Wild boar abundant in the northern and southern ends. Other ungulates locally abundant. | N = 7. Woodlands: 48%; Agricultural lands: 23%. Altitude (in m): mean 190 (range 0-1238). Mean annual precipitations (in mm): 720. Mean annual temperature (in °C): 15.7 |