Table 1 Admission characteristics for children in the two cohorts
From: Hypoglycaemia in severe malaria, clinical associations and relationship to quinine dosage
Clinical features | Quinine 15 mg/kg (N = 954) n (%) | Quinine 20 mg/kg (N = 283) n (%) | P-value Ŧ |
|---|---|---|---|
Coma (BCS ≤ 2) | 434/953 (46) | 123/279 (44) | 0.67 |
Deep breathing | 391/953 (41) | 95/277 (34) | 0.04 |
Impaired consciousness | 706/953 (74) | 204/279 (73) | 0.91 |
Severe anaemia (Hb < 5 g/dl) | 229/949 (24) | 47/279 (17) | 0.01 |
Temperature gradient | 263/951 (28) | 55/277 (20) | 0.009 |
Delayed capillary refill (> 2 seconds) | 232/953 (24) | 41/279 (15) | 0.001 |
Weak Pulse volume | 159/953 (17) | 31/277 (11) | 0.03 |
Mid Upper Arm Circumference < 12 cm | 59/914 (6) | 9/240 (4) | 0.11 |
Visible wasting | 58/953 (6) | 6/277 (2) | 0.01 |
Seizures | 168/953 (18) | 38/277 (14) | 0.13 |
Prostration | 436/953 (46) | 104/279 (37) | 0.05 |
Hypoglycaemia < = 3 mmol/l | 155/952 (16) | 26/282 (9) | 0.003 |
Severe hypoglycaemia(< 2.2 mmol/l) | 118/952 (12) | 19/282 (7) | 0.008 |
Creatinine > 80 mmol/l | 225/904 (25) | 49/211 (23) | 0.61 |
Potassium > 5 mmol/l | 149/934 (16) | 17/259 (7) | < 0.01 |
Mean laboratory variable [SD] | |||
Haemoglobin level, mg/dl | 7.06 [2.63] | 7.53 [2.44] | 0.004 |
pH | 7.28 [0.14] | 7.30 [0.51] | 0.34 |
pCO2,mmol/L | 4.17 [1.92] | 3.98 [1.73] | 0.18 |
Base Deficit, mmol/L | 9.99 [6.63] | 8.49 [5.72] | 0.002 |
Sodium level, mmol/l | 134.33 [5.62] | 133.39 [5.51] | 0.02 |
Creatinine level, mmol/l | 68.89[41.7] | 66.81 [32.65] | 0.49 |
Parasitaemia ×103parasites/μl | 3651 [3149 - 4234] | 5604 [4393 - 7150] | 0.01 |