Table 3 Multivariate model of risk factors for pneumococcal carriage among adults and children

Age group

16-24 yrs

1

2-4 yrs

1

25-34 yrs

1.13 (0.52-2.49)

5-8 yrs

0.65 (0.28-1.54)

35-44 yrs

2.04 (0.92-4.54)

9-12 yrs

0.43 (0.17-1.08)

45-54 yrs

1.90 (0.83-4.34)

13-15 yrs

0.13 (0.03-0.56)

≥55 yrs

2.19 (0.88-5.50)

Sex

Female

1

n/a

Male

2.21 (1.31-3.73)

Chest infection in previous month

No

1

n/a

Yes

1.62 (0.98-2.67)

Runny nose in previous week

No

1

No

1

Yes

1.66 (1.05-2.64)

Yes

1.80 (0.98-3.29)

Frequency sitting at an outside fire

Never/monthly

1

n/a

Most days/weekly

1.23 (0.74-2.05)

Every day

6.89 (1.87-25.4)

H. influenzae detected

No

1

No

1

Yes

6.74 (4.06-11.2)

Yes

9.34 (4.71-18.5)

M. catarrhalis detected

No

1

No

1

Yes

3.27 (1.97-5.45)

Yes

2.67 (1.34-5.33)