Risk factors for multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumanniibacteremia in patients with colonization in the intensive care unit

Table 2 Risk factors related to clinical characteristics ^a

Parameters	Non-Bacteremic (n = 92)	Bacteremic (n = 108)	Odds Ratio	95% CI	P-value
Immunosuppressive status ^b	45 (48.9)	89 (82.4)	4.89	2.57 - 9.29	< 0.001
Neutropenia ^c	2 (2.2)	25 (23.1)	13.55	3.11 - 59.0	0.001
Prior history of
ICU admission	2 (2.2)	6 (5.6)	2.65	0.52 - 13.45	0.240
Hospitalization	24 (26.1)	41 (38.0)	1.73	0.95 - 3.18	0.075
APACHE II score at the time of
ICU admission (point)	21.6 ± 8.2	24.0 ± 7.9	1.04	1.00 - 1.08	0.035
Colonization (point)	17.0 (12.0 - 20.0)	22.0 (17.0 - 28.0)	1.12	1.07 - 1.17	<0.001
Duration (days)
Of hospitalization	31.0 (20.0 - 65.3)	32.0 (20.0 - 5.0)	0.99	0.99 - 1.00	0.333
Of ICU hospitalization	19.2 ± 21.3	22.8 ± 20.4	1.01	0.99 - 1.02	0.234
From ICU admission to colonization	7.1 ± 7.7	7.2 ± 5.9	1.00	0.96 - 1.01	0.923
Of exposure to risk^d	6.0 (3.0 - 13.8)	3.0 (1.0 - 6.0)	0.96	0.94 - 0.99	<0.001
Mechanical ventilator care	87 (94.6)	105 (97.2)	2.01	0.47 - 8.66	0.348
Maintenance of MV^e	15 (17.2)	91 (86.7)	31.2	14.14 - 68.83	< 0.001
Duration of MV (day)	9.0 (5.0 - 16.0)	21.5 (12.3 - 47.0)	1.04	1.01 - 1.08	0.001
Shock at the time of
ICU admission	66 (71.7)	80 (74.1)	1.13	0.60 - 2.10	0.711
Colonization	28 (30.4)	65 (60.2)	3.46	1.92 - 6.22	< 0.001
Acute renal failure at the time of
ICU admission	22 (23.9)	31 (28.7)	1.28	0.68 - 2.42	0.445
Colonization	20 (21.7)	41 (38.0)	2.20	1.17 - 4.14	0.014

^a Data are presented as numbers (percentages for categorical variables or interquartile range for continuous variables) unless otherwise indicated. Plus-minus values are means ± standard deviation
^b Immunosupression was defined as a history of any of the following: corticosteroid therapy for 15 days (at least 10 mg/day of prednisone or an equivalent drug), seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus, solid organ transplantation, bone marrow transplantation, radiation therapy or chemotherapy for an underlying malignancy during the 6 months prior to hospital admission, and acquired immune deficiency disorder (hypogammaglobulinemia, combined variable immunodeficiency).
^c Neutropenia is defined as absolute neutrophil count measured in cells per microliter of blood less than 1,500
^d Time from colonization to the date of discharge from the intensive care unit for non-bacteremic patients or to the date a positive-culture was obtained for bacteremic patients
^e Number of patients/total number of patients with mechanical ventilation (percentages)
ICU intensive care unit
APACHE Acute Physiological Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation
MV mechanical ventilation
CI confidential interval

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