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Table 1 Multivariate logistic regressions for liver pathology as assessed by US examination at baseline (n = 2128)

From: The impact of single versus mixed schistosome species infections on liver, spleen and bladder morbidity within Malian children pre- and post-praziquantel treatment

Estimates from multilevel logistic regressions for liver pathology as assessed by US

 

Adjusted ORs for gender and age (95% CI) and p-values for the risk of having abnormal liver image pattern

Type of schistosomiasis infection intensity related variables

For S. mansoni

For S. haematobium

none

light

medium

heavy

none

1

1.569

2.463

3.866

  

(1.123 to 2.194)

(1.261 to 4.812)

(1.416 to 10.556)

  

p = 0.008

p = 0.008

p = 0.008

Light

0.526

0.825

1.295

2.033

 

(0.343 to 0.807)

(0.520 to 1.309)

(0.654 to 2.565)

(0.769 to 5.374)

 

p = 0.003

p = 0.415

p = 0.458

p = 0.153

Heavy

0.277

0.434

0.681

1.069

 

(0.117 to 0.651)

(0.190 to 0.990)

(0.271 to 1.715)

(0.350 to 3.267)

 

p = 0.003

p = 0.047

p = 0.415

p = 0.907

 

Adjusted ORs for gender and age (95% CI) and p-values for the risk of having portal hypertension as assessed by positive PVD scores

 

For S. mansoni

For S. haematobium

none

light

medium

heavy

None

1

0.882

0.778

0.686

  

(0.655 to 1.187)

(0.429 to 1.410)

(0.281 to 1.674)

  

p = 0.408

p = 0.408

p = 0.408

Light

1.013

0.893

0.788

0.695

 

(0.698 to 1.470)

(0.582 to 1.372)

(0.417 to 1.489)

(0.284 to 1.703)

 

p = 0.946

p = 0.606

p = 0.463

p = 0.426

Heavy

1.026

0.905

0.798

0.704

 

(0.487 to 2.161)

(0.429 to 1.908)

(0.339 to 1.881)

(0.248 to 2.000)

 

p = 0.946

p = 0.793

p = 0.606

p = 0.510

 

Adjusted ORs for gender and age (95% CI) and p-values for the risk of having of hepatomegaly as assessed by positive PSL scores

 

For S. mansoni

For S. haematobium

none

light

medium

heavy

None

1

4.583

21.006

96.274

  

(1.517 to 13.844)

(2.301 to 191.788)

(3.490 to 2656.018)

  

p = 0.007

p = 0.007

p = 0.007

Light

3.409

4.705

6.494

8.964

 

(1.273 to 9.125)

(1.201 to 18.425)

(0.777 to 54.292

(0.453 to 177.253)

 

p = 0.015

p = 0.026

p = 0.084

p = 0.150

Heavy

11.619

4.83

2.008

0.835

 

(1.621 to 83.261)

(0.536 to 43.480)

(0.077 to 52.677)

(0.008 to 85.355)

 

p = 0.015

p = 0.160

p = 0.676

p = 0.939

  1. The categories for the intensity of S. haematobium infection were defined according to WHO guidelines as: none: 0 e/10 ml; light: < 50 e/10 ml and heavy: ≥ 50 e 10 ml.
  2. The categories for the intensity of S. mansoni infection were defined according to WHO guidelines as: none: 0 epg; light: 1-99 epg; moderate: 100-399 epg; and heavy: ≥ 400 epg
  3. e/10 ml, eggs/10 milliliters & epg, eggs per gram
  4. These categorizations for both schistosomes species apply for all tables presented beyond this point.
  5. ORs, Odds Ratios; 95% CIs, 95% Confidence Intervals