Surveillance design
|
Prospective
|
Retrospective
|
Retrospective
|
Prospective
|
Geographic extent
|
Three districts
|
Dakar
|
Niamey
|
Northern area
|
Surveillance population
|
880,000
|
950,000
|
550,000
|
140,000
|
Rural/Urban
|
Both
|
Urban
|
Urban
|
Rural
|
Study years
|
2002-2005
|
1970-1979
|
1981-1996
|
1998-2003
|
Microbiological methods
|
Culture, antigen detection, PCR
|
Culture
|
Culture, antigen detection
|
Culture, antigen detection
|
Number of confirmed pneumococcal meningitis cases
|
249
|
983
|
934
|
76
|
Percent of cases occurring during dry/epidemic season months of Dec-Apr†
|
75%
|
49%
|
63%
|
69%
|
Two months with peak number of cases (percent of total)†
|
Jan-Feb (38%)
|
Feb-Mar (21%)
|
Feb-Mar (31%)
|
Dec-Jan (35%)
|
Relation of pneumococcal to meningococcal seasonal peak
|
Similar
|
2 months in advance
|
1 month in advance
|
1 to 2 months in advance
|
13-valent conjugate vaccine coverage of isolated serotypes
| | | | |
Age <5 years
|
67%
|
78% (age<2 yrs)
|
No serotype data
|
100%
|
Age 5+ years
|
77%
|
94% (age 2+ yrs)
|
No serotype data
|
98%
|
Reference
|
4,5
|
9
|
8
|
7
|