Table 2 Association of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and CMD in three hospitals of Ethiopia

Sex

   Male

132(53.4)

115(46.6)

1

   Female

164(48.0)

178(52.0)

0.8(0.5,1.1)

-

Literacy status

   Literate

236(48.7)

249(51.3)

1

-

   Non-literate

60(57.7)

44(42.3)

1.4(0.9,2.2)

Age

   15-24

21(38.9)

33(61.1)

1

-

   25-35

145(52.9)

129(47.1)

1.7(0.9,3.2)

   > = 35

130(49.8)

131(50.2)

1.5(0.8,2.8)

Marital status

   Single

48(48.5)

51(51.5)

0.6(0.4,1.0)

-

   Married

106(45.5)

127(54.5)

0.5(0.4,0.9)

   Divorced

65(51.6)

61(48.4)

0.8(0.5,1.2)

   Widowed

77(58.8)

54(41.2)

1

Occupation

   Government employee

23(33.8)

45(66.2)

1

1

   Private employee

49(50.0)

49(50.0)

1.9(1.0, 3.7) *

2.2 (1.1,4.6)*

   Merchant

35(44.3)

44(55.7)

1.5(0.8,3.0)

2.1 (1.0,4.4)*

   Farmers

24(53.3)

21(46.7)

2.2(1.0, 4.8) *

1.8 (0.8,4.2)

   Housewives

40(42.6)

54(57.4)

1.4(0.7,2.7)

1.2 (0.5,2.8)

   Day Laborers

66(57.9)

48(42.1)

2.7(1.4, 5.0) *

2.4 (1.2, 5.1) *

   Jobless

59(64.8)

32(35.2)

3.6(1.8, 6.9) *

2.5 (1.1,5.6) *

Have source of income

   Yes

190(46.2)

221(53.8)

1

1

   No

106(59.3)

72(40.7)

1.6(1.2,2.4) *

1.7(1.1,2.8) *

HIV/TB co-infection

   No

217(46.7)

248(53.3)

1

1

   Yes

79(63.7)

45(36.3)

2.0(1.3,3.0) *

1.7 (1.1,2.9) *

WHO staging(n = 582)

   Stage II

73(49)

76(51)

1

   Stage III

194(55.0)

159(45.0)

1.1(0.5, 1.2)

-

   Stage IV

24(30)

56(70)

0.8(0.7, 1.5)

CD4 lymphocyte count(n = 489)

   < 200

74(46.8)

84(53.2)

1.2(0.8.1.7)

-

   > = 200

171(51.7)

160(48.3)

1

Taking antiretroviral therapy

   Yes

274(49.4)

281(50.6)

1

-

   No

22(64.7)

12(35.3)

1.8(0.9,3.8)

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy(ART)

   Yes

285(49.7)

288(50.3)

1

-

   No

8(50)

8(50)

1.1(0.3,2.7)

ART regimen(n = 555)

   Nevirapine based

179(48.5)

190(51.5)

1

   Efavirenz based

95(51.1)

91(48.9)

1.1(0.7,1.5)

-

Perceived Stigma

   No

132(41.9)

183(58.1)

1

1

   Yes

164(59.9)

110(40.1)

2.0(1.4,2.8)*

2.2(1.5,3.2)*

Perceived General Health

   Good

168(39.4)

258(60.6)

1

1

   Medium

102(76.1)

32(23.9)

4.8(3.1.7.6)*

4.7 (2.9,7.6) *

   Poor

26(89.7)

3(10.3)

13.3(3.9,44.5)*

10.0 (2.8,35.1)*