The reduction of tuberculosis risks by smoking cessation

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 3 Hazard ratios (HR) for selected risk factors related to TB mortality other than smoking

	N	Number of TB deaths	TB mortality in Taiwan (1994 -- 2007) §		HR†	(95%C.I.)	HR‡	(95%C.I.)
Age	486,341		Male	Female
20-29	113,361	1	0.3	0.2
30-39	149,192	2	1.4	0.5
40-49	87,217	2	3.3	0.8
50-59	71,350	11	7.7	1.7
60-69	47,610	24	25.9	5.3
70+	17,611	37	102.6	32.9
Gender	486,341
Women	255079	12			1	-	1	-
Men	231262	65			5.69 *	(3.1~10.5)	8.39 *	(1.7~40.3)
Education	399,135
High school or above	291,711	6			1.00	-	1.00	-
Middle school or below	107,424	30			3.38 *	(1.4~8.2)	2.51 *	(1.0~6.3)
Drinking	379,996
Nondrinker	296,235	16			1	-	1	-
Ex-drinker	11,599	4			1.73	(0.6~5.3)	1.49	(0.5~4.6)
Occasional drinker	56,050	12			1.74	(0.8~3.8)	1.41	(0.6~3.2)
Regular drinker	16,112	2			1.24	(0.3~5.5)	0.90	(0.2~4.1)
Body Mass Index	485,080	77
<18.5 kg/m²	39,565	22			4.98 *	(2.9~8.6)	9.67 *	(4.3~21.7)
18.5 -< 23 kg/m²	214,250	33			1	-	1	-
23 -< 25 kg/m²	98,734	7			0.29 *	(0.1~0.7)	0.39	(0.1~1.4)
25 -< 30 kg/m²	113,897	12			0.40 *	(0.2~0.8)	0.43	(0.1~1.4)
≧30 kg/m²	18,634	3			0.96	(0.3~3.1)	1.17	(0.1~9.1)
Diabetes	486,341
No diabetes (by history or by screening)	462,351	63			1	-	1	-
Screened\|\| or known diabetes or on medications	23,990	14			1.76	(1.0~3.2)	1.89 *	(1.1~3.4)

*: p < 0.05
† : HR adjusted for age and gender
‡ : HR: adjusted for age, gender, education, drinking and smoking
§: Age-specific mortality rate in Taiwan (annual per 100,000) was shown here instead of directly calculating mortality from the cohort because the number of TB deaths in this cohort followed up even for 14 years was too small to be stable.
||: Fasting glucose ≧ 126 mg/dL

ISSN: 1471-2334