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Table 2 Age-specific model parameters with the following sources: the age-specific values of vaccine efficacy and effectiveness [8, 9], fraction of the symptomatic infectives [15] and [28], and all other values from 2003-2006 Taiwan flu monitor surveillance data.

From: Age groups and spread of influenza: implications for vaccination strategy

parameter\age group

0-2

3-5

6-7

8-14

15-21

22-64

≥ 65

time-dependent vaccination rate ν i (t)

υ 1 (t)

0

0

0

0

0

υ 7 (t)

vaccine efficacy π i [8, 9]

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.5

0.5

0.4

fraction of asymptomatic infectives α i [15, 28]

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.7

reduced fraction of asymptomatic infectives due to vaccination [8, 9]

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.6

mortality rate of untreated infectives δ i

6 × 10-4

5 × 10-4

5 × 10-5

5 × 10-5

5 × 10-5

1 × 10-4

0.002

mortality rate of untreated vaccinated infectives *

6 × 10-4

5 × 10-4

5 × 10-5

5 × 10-5

5 × 10-5

1 × 10-4

0.002

mortality rate of hospitalized infectives

0.006

0.005

5 × 10-4

5 × 10-4

5 × 10-4

0.001

0.02

mean recovery rate of the hospitalized infectives ρ 1

1/4.85

1/4.72

1/4.45

1/4.56

1/5.55

1/9.16

1/16.94

hospitalization rate of unvaccinated symptomatic infectives h i

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.09

hospitalization rate of vaccinated symptomatic infectives *

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.007

0.06

per contact transmission probability of infectees in i th group β ij β i

0.047

0.039

0.031

0.031

0.047

0.045

0.155

per contact transmission probability of infectors in i th group β ij β j

0.083

0.029

0.045

0.008

0.040

0.056

0.078

  1. *Note that h i and δ i .
  2. The last four rows (in bold) were obtained by least-squared curve-fitting with data using MATLAB software.